Giving effective feedback in medical education

M R C O G PA R T 2 · S O S P O C K E T C A R D · K N O W L E D G E A R E A 2 – T E A C H I N G A N D R E S E A R C H

Giving Effective Feedback in Medical Education Qureshi NS. Giving effective feedback in medical education. TOG 2017;19:243–8. doi:10.1111/tog.12391

4 5 4 STAGES, KOLB’S LEARNING CYCLE NAMED FEEDBACK MODELS STAGES, COMPETENCE → PERFORMANCE

DO N' T-M IS S FA C TS

  1. Feedback loop completes only when the learner acts to change practice — not simply when information is given

  2. Kolb’s cycle: concrete experience → reflective observation → abstract conceptualisation → active experimentation (4 stages, enter at any point)

  3. Pendleton’s rule (1984): learner states what went well → trainer confirms → learner identifies improvement areas → trainer adds & advises how to improve; best for practical skills

  4. PROMPTED: Precise, Relevant, Outcome-based, Measureable, Possible, Time-determined, Encouraging, Descriptive

  5. Avoid: unsolicited feedback, old mistakes, personal criticism, public feedback, overload (>2–3 points), feedback in anger, immediate feedback after a serious adverse event

  6. ES–trainee meetings every 3–4 months; TO2 multi-source feedback needs ≥10 respondents

  7. Trainer–trainee feedback mismatch: poor self-reflection + emotional reactions + weak metacognition

  8. Ethical issues: being dishonestly kind; unconscious bias in feedback

TWO TRAINEE ORIENTATIONS

Goal-orientated: seeks knowledge/skills, responds well to feedback

Performance-orientated: seeks positive comments/completed WPBAs

ABBREVIATION KEY

ES — educational supervisor TO2 — Team Observation form (multi-source feedback, ≥10 respondents) CS — clinical supervisor PROMPTED — Precise, Relevant, Outcome-based, Measureable, WPBA — workplace-based assessment Possible, Time-determined, Encouraging, Descriptive ARCP — Annual Review of Clinical Progress

Source: The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist (TOG), RCOG journal — Qureshi NS. Giving effective feedback in medical education. TOG 2017;19:243–8. doi:10.1111/tog.12391

Clinically reviewed by NHS obstetricians and gynaecologists

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